http://www.ypte.org.uk/environmental/seashore-a-rocky-seashore-ecosystem/98
Seashore  life occurs in zones on the shore, according to how tolerant different  species are of exposure to air and sunlight. Above the level of the  highest tides is the splash zone, strongly affected by salt spray. The  upper shore is not covered by every high tide, usually only those of  spring tides. Very few species can tolerate the relatively dry  conditions of the upper shore. Most seashore animals and plants live in  the middle shore, the main area of the shore which is covered and  uncovered by every tide. The lower shore is only exposed during the low  tides of spring tides, and this is where many delicate species may be  found – those that cannot withstand much exposure.
The seaweeds of a  rocky shore grow in different areas – zones – depending on their ability  out of the water. The animals show a similar zonation, but because they  can move around it is not so obvious. Like the plants, the animals are  greatly influenced by the tide. Some species live almost as land animals  around the high water-mark of spring tides, and others are only briefly  exposed to the open air at the low water-mark of spring tides.
 
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